WEST YELL - on line
From the halls of our rustic, (some would say 'dilapidated,) office in beautiful downtown West Yellowstone comes a phoenix.
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New Concerns & Old Concerns
By 1876, gold had been
discovered in the Black Hills (southwestern South
Dakota), a region the Sioux Indians considered sacred and the US
government had
promised to respect. Although it tried, the US Army count not keep
white
prospectors out of the area; the Sioux's legitimate grievances against
the
whites increased. Many roving Indian bands refused to go by the
government
deadline of February 1, 1876, to the reservations set aside for them. A
military
expedition was sent out against them. One column under General George
Crook
(1829-90) destroyed the village of Sioux chief Crazy Horse (1849?-77),
but
shortly<p>Da 'Burbs: See it now.</p>
afterward it was defeated by the Indians. Crook retired
briefly to
obtain reinforcements and then moved north again. Meanwhile, another
column
under General Alfred Howe Terry (1827-90) was advancing westward from
Dakota; it
included the Seventh Cavalry led by Colonel George Armstrong Custer
(1839-76).
When a large Indian band was reported on the Rosebud River
(southeastern
Montana), the cavalry were sent ahead as scouts, but Custer disregarded
his
orders and pursued the Indians south to the Little Bighorn River.
There, not
waiting for reinforcements and unaware or heedless of the numerical
superiority
of the Indians (about 2,500 Sioux and Cheyenne warriors under Chiefs
Sitting
Bull (1834-90), Gall (1840?-94), and Crazy Horse), Custer decided to
attack
immediately and vaingloriously. He divided his command into three
units, sending
two units farther upstream to encircle and attack the Indians and led
the third
unit of 266 soldiers in a direct charge on the morning of June 25,
1876. The
Indians surrounded Custer on a hill and killed him and every one of his
men
(later called "Custer's Last Stand"). The two other units failed to
relieve Custer; they were attacked and forced to retreat but were saved
from
annihilation by the arrival of Terry and his troops. Terry and Crook
continued
their campaign against the Indians, especially the Sioux, with vigor.
Crazy
Horse was defeated and surrendered in 1877; he was presumably killed
while
trying to escape. Sitting Bull and Gall and other warriors fled to
Canda, and
most of the other Sioux were either slain or captured and forced to
settle on
reservations. In 1881, both Sitting Bull and Gall returned,
surrendered, and
were pardoned.

